While 5G deployments are still ongoing and have made significant progress globally, the industry is beginning to move into the progression of 6G generation. In the verbal exchange change with RCR Wireless News below, Dr. Sunghyun Choi, senior vice president and director of Samsung Research Advanced Communications Research Center, discusses the current state of 6G research, which will enable the next generation and roadmap to get us there.
What would you say to those in the industry who claim it’s too early to start talking about 6G?
According to public reports, there will be more than 500 billion machines connected to the Internet by 2030, more than 60 times the world’s population, and those machines bring a multitude of other technical needs beyond just connecting people. it’s a good time to start preparing for 6G.
When we think of the communication systems of the past generation, namely 3G, 4G and 5G, the general consensus is that a new generation of wireless communication technologies will occur in both one and both 10 years. In keeping with this trend, we may be expecting 6G to be in a position to start advertising around 2030, especially considering the fact that both a generation of wireless generation takes about a decade from identifying target services, applications, functionality needs, and conducting studies of the technologies required for actual ad implementations. Also, as we work to shape 6G, the industry will want to come together to discuss, collaborate, and cooperate, which also takes time.
With all those considerations in mind, it’s surely time to start talking about and identifying 6G technologies as we prepare for 6G as a key generation that will foster convergence across industries.
5G has a lot to offer, the maximum of which has yet to be learned, so what will 6G bring to the table?
Our vision for 6G is to deliver “the next hyper-connected experience for everyone. “We 6G will be characterized by its ultra-wide band, ultra-low latency, ultra intelligence and ultra spatialization, which will in fact allow a prolonged immersive experience. (XR), high-fidelity cellular holograms, and virtual replicas anytime, anywhere.
With the 6G era expected to connect up to 500 billion machines, we’ll see vehicles, devices, and even the buildings around us connected to this ultra-fast communication network, anytime, anywhere. We are already seeing today how XR devices and installations such as VR and AR, and virtual replication generation are being leveraged in the commercial IoT. The odds presented through the use of today’s software, hardware, and communications have begun. In a world where 6G generation is universal, those in fact immersive hi-fi cellular holograms will begin to flourish and, as we combine virtual and genuine globals, we will be able to safely and more seamlessly resolve the disruptions found in the genuine global.
What elements do they want to be in place, technology, criteria or partnerships, before 6G becomes a reality?
With 6G, we have the opportunity to be informed of the demanding situations of 5G and its predecessors, and it is transparent that industry criteria and partnership will be critical to the good fortune of the network. The road to 6G will be long and without demanding situations, but working with industry, academia and governments, in combination we can bring 6G to market.
The progression of technologies is critical and we are encouraged by the fact that many of our business partners join us in those efforts with an open innovation philosophy. Building on our past collaborations, we will continue, in combination with our valued partners, to identify key answers to effectively commercialize 6G technology.
With regard to the standardization of communication technologies, the radiocommunication sector of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-R), a United Nations company, should first delineate the needs for technical functionality and 6G vision, which are then followed through the criteria progression paintings. organizations like 3GPP to identify technical specifications to meet those needs. ITU-R’s 6G Vision will provide overall direction and roadmap for technology, service, spectrum and commercialization, and we expect ITU-R’s 6G Vision Group to outline the 6G Vision, adding target facilities and functions until the middle of next year, and then ITU-R will outline detailed technical functionality needs around the 2024-2026 era.
The progression of 6G generation specifications within 3GPP is expected to begin around 2025, with the aim of delivering the first edition of the 6G technical criteria until 2028. While it is to expand exceptional technologies, it is equally vital to form a consensus on 6G technologies. in the standardization procedure to effectively achieve 6G.
What is Samsung doing to get us there?
Together with our partners, we will focus on studying how to effectively commercialize 6G generation and, together with our studies on the next point of hyperconnected experience, we will continue our studies for the transmission of ultra-high capacity knowledge with ultra-low latency and to simplify network deployment in the long term. We are confident that the collaboration of studies with industry and academia will drive the realization of our 6G vision to provide the next point of hyper-connected reporting in every space of our lives.
Samsung is already actively contributing to the technological innovation of 6G technologies, as a collaboration between industry and academia. For example, itU-R’s 6G Vision Group is chaired by a Samsung engineer representing the Republic of Korea while ITU-R convenes national representatives. to expand foreign standards. Recently, we also hosted the 1. er Samsung 6G Forum with 8 prominent speakers and panelists from academia and industry as part of our commitment to open collaboration.
What can you percent over existing 6G research?
Since Samsung will offer a wide variety of products spanning the entire communications spectrum, from smartphones and network responses to chipsets, this gives us an exclusive on the candidate technologies that will be critical to the fortunes of 6G, some of which we have. we already introduced our white paper on 6G in 2020.
We’ve been using many of those technologies since 2019 and recently shared Samsung’s progress and discoveries in 6G at our first Samsung 6G Forum on May 13, 2022, which includes:
THz (sub-THz) communication: The THz spectrum is a candidate band for 6G. Samsung unveiled a prototype of 6G THz wireless communication with beamforming capability and explored the possibility of applying THz spectrum for 6G wireless communications by achieving data movement rates of 12 Gbps at 30 meters (indoor) and 2. 3 Gbps at 120 meters (outdoor).
Reconfigurable Smart Surface (RIS): High-frequency signals generally have a short propagation distance and cannot traverse obstacles, resulting in limited coverage. Samsung has developed a RIS generation that can orient or reflect the wireless signal in the desired direction using a lens metamaterial or surface, to coverage.
Cross-division duplex (XDD): In cellular communications, a cell phone has a lower transmission force than a base station, limiting the imaginable communication distance. Samsung has shown that the signal propagation distance of a cell phone can advance twice with XDD.
Full Duplex: Samsung has improved the data transmission speed 1. 9 times thanks to the generation of full duplex that allows simultaneous transmission and reception on the same frequency by eliminating self-interference between them.
Al-based nonlinearity (Al-NC) reimbursement: Significant distortion can occur when the transmission force of the signal increases to increase the propagation distance, resulting in a communications failure. Using Al technologies to compensate for distortion in the receiver, the high speed communication distance can be advanced 1. 9 times.
Al-based force saving (Al-ES): More than 10% of the base station’s force input can be stored thanks to Al generation that minimizes force input by turning off and on base station components depending on the amount of knowledge traffic.
What role will AI and ML play in 6G?
We anticipate that AI/ML will play a key role in 6G, making 6G AI native, complete and end-to-end. As such, 6G will evolve with AI/ML in the brain from design to be inherent in the entire network ecosystem across user applications, network solutions and computing devices, adding edge and cloud servers.
In particular, we expect the following two instructions to emerge, namely AI for the network and the network for AI.
AI for the network: The cellular wireless formula has evolved over the past few decades. As a result, the existing formula itself is already very complicated and requires an increasingly exponential amount of effort to further optimize operations and performance. New physical layer technologies studied for 6G come with excessive MIMO (X-MIMO), the use of new spectrum, adding the upper mid-band (6-24 GHz) and subterahertz band (92-300 GHz), and complex duplex technologies that incorporate FDD, TDD, full duplex and cross-division duplex (XDD) into a single frame. Its design, integration and optimization into the existing formula consumes a significant amount of resources, making it difficult to immediately evolve the formula.
We anticipate that AI/ML will play a key role in addressing those challenges. Conventional signal processing blocks at the transmitter and receiver point will be redesigned to incorporate AI capabilities. The MNO network architecture will also be redesigned for AI-based network operations in a comprehensive and end-to-end manner. When it comes to network operations, AI will also carry out automated optimization of the site-specific base station.
While we take a look at some examples of what this automation looks like in practice, the AI-based force savings (AI-ES) of base stations, which I mentioned earlier, are a clever example of AI-based optimization of netpainting operations. Also that AI will provide traditional operations for each base station through observing the status of network configurations, and we recently shared our illustrations on AI-based nonlinearity payment (AI-NC) that corrects signal distortion, brought through the transmitter’s nonlinear characteristics. The AI-NC generation improves the quality of the earned signal, allowing the extension of the policy and the accumulation in the performance of high-speed communications. Beyond those specific examples, it is difficult to find answers to many other challenges.
Network for AI: As I mentioned earlier, the 6G network will provide seamless, reliable, and performance-enhanced connectivity for augmented truth/virtual truth and metaverse, technologies that are gaining traction. AI is an integral component of those facilities, and 6G deserves to be able to ensure QoS/QoE for local AI installations. Since data collection, education and style validation, trained style distribution, and even real-time style adjustment are time- and bandwidth-consuming tasks, helping local AI facilities will be one of 6G’s main needs. In addition, other instances of 6G use, such as robotics and autonomous cars, will require the same local AI facilities.
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